Research Guides: PBL Citations Guide: PBL Citations & References

Citing Sources for PBL

For PBL Learning Need Packets, you are required to use a citation format created by Ostrow faculty designed to help PBL facilitators locate your references.

Citations for ALL online sources should include a direct link to the full-text.
Citations should be listed and numbered in the References section of your packet in the order in which they appear in the text.
If your facilitator asks you to include in-text citations, the number of the citation from your References list can be placed within the body of your paper, along with the cited information.

View the Sample In-Text Citations & References Page for PBL to see how to include references in your Learning Need Packet.

Examples for Common PBL Reference Types

Please use the examples below to format citations for PBL Learning Need Packets.

Print Book Chapter	Öst L-G, Skaret E, “Chapter 1, Symptoms, Clinical Characteristics and Consequences” In: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Dental Phobia and Anxiety. John Wiley & Sons Inc.; 2013. Print
Ebook Chapter	Öst L-G, Skaret E, “Chapter 1, Symptoms, Clinical Characteristics and Consequences” In: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Dental Phobia and Anxiety. John Wiley & Sons Inc.; 2013. https://onlinelibrary-wiley-com.libproxy1.usc.edu/doi/10.1002/9781118499825.ch1
Journal Article	Norman L. Corah, Elliot N. Gale, Stephen J. Illig, Assessment of a dental anxiety scale, The Journal of the American Dental Association, Volume 97, Issue 5, 1978, Pages 816-819, ISSN 0002-8177. https://www-sciencedirect-com.libproxy1.usc.edu/science/article/pii/S0002817778750178
Drug Monograph	Lexi-Drugs. (2024, August 21). Acetaminophen. In UptoDate Lexidrug. http://online.lexi.com.libproxy1.usc.edu/lco/action/search?q=acetaminophen&t=name&acs=false&acq=acetaminophen
Website	https://www.ada.org/resources/research/science-and-research-institute/oral-health-topics/x-rays-radiographs
Image	https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228477434_ The_Intraoral_and_Extraoral_Exam

Generating Citations in AccessMedicine, Stat!Ref, and R2 Library

Access Medicine, R2 Library, and Stat!Ref all have options for automatically generating reference citations for ebook chapters and journal articles. This will help you locate the information you need to construct your citations.

You MUST proofread automatically generated references for accuracy.

In Access Medicine you can cite a book or chapter by clicking "Get Citation" in the menu bar below the book or chapter title.

In R2 Library you can cite a book or chapter by clicking "Tools" followed by "Export Citation" in the menu above the book or chapter title, and below the search box.

In Stat!Ref you can cite a book or chapter by clicking "Citations" from the menu bar above the book or chapter title.

Generating Citations in USC Libraries Catalog

You can generate a citation for a book found in the USC Libraries Catalog by simply clicking on the quotation mark (") icon. Select between multiple style options. You MUST proofread automatically generated references for accuracy.

Generating Citations in Google Scholar

You can generate formatted citations via Google Scholar by clicking on the quotation marks (") icon below the citation. Please be sure to double check the citation information for accuracy.

Generating Citations in PubMed

You can generate formatted citations via PubMed@USC by clicking on the "Cite" button to the right of the abstract. Please be sure to double check the citation information for accuracy.